RTG announces update to Mineral Resource of Mabilo

Mineral Resource Estimate Results - Reporting at 0.3 g/t Au lower cut-off - Mabilo South and North Deposits

Classification

Weathering

Million Tonnes

Cu %

Au g/t

Ag g/t

Fe %

Contained
Au ('000s Oz)

Contained Cu ('000s t)

Contained Fe ('000s t)

Cu
Equivalent*
('000s t)

Indicated

Oxide + Supergene

0.78

4.1

2.7

9.7

41.2

67.1

32.1

320.8

45.7

Indicated

Fresh

8.08

1.7

2.0

9.8

46.0

510.5

137.7

3,713.7

264.1

Indicated

Total All Materials

8.86

1.9

2.0

9.8

45.6

577.6

169.8

4,034.5

309.8

Inferred

Oxide + Supergene

0.05

7.8

2.3

9.6

26.0

3.5

3.7

12.3

4.2

Inferred

Fresh

3.86

1.4

1.5

9.1

29.1

181.5

53.3

1,121.8

96.3

Inferred

Total All Materials

3.91

1.5

1.5

9.1

29.0

184.9

57.0

1,134.1

100.5

Note: The Mineral Resource was estimated within constraining wireframe solids based on the mineralised geological units. The Mineral Resource is quoted from all classified blocks above a lower cut-off grade 0.3 g/t Au within these wireframe solids. Differences may occur due to rounding.

* Cu equivalent is calculated using the following formula which incorporates recovery factors from metallurgical test work:
Cu Equivalent = ((75.2%*Au Oz)*$1,200)+((92.8%*Cu Tonnes)*$5,200)+((88.4%*Fe Tonnes)*$65)+((60%*Ag Oz)*$16))/$5,200

Indicated

South Mineralised Zone

Million Tonnes

Au g/t

Cu %

Fe %

Contained Au

Contained Cu

('000s t)

Contained Fe 

('000s oz)

('000s t)

Oxide Gold Cap

0.33

3.1

0.2

42.6

33.3

0.7

142.2

Oxide Copper/Gold

0.28

2.4

2.6

44

21.6

7.1

121.4

Supergene Chalcocite

0.1

2.3

23.2

38.4

7.6

23.7

39.2

Sub-Total

0.71

2.7

4.4

42.5

62.5

31.5

302.8

North Mineralised Zone

Oxide Gold Cap

0.05

1.9

0.2

29.7

3

0.1

15.1

Oxide Copper/Gold

0.02

2.8

3

17.7

1.5

0.5

3

Sub Total

0.07

2.1

0.9

26.7

4.6

0.6

18

Total

0.78

2.7

4.1

41.2

67.1

32.1

320.8

Inferred

North Mineralised Zone

Million Tonnes

Au g/t

Cu %

Fe %

Contained Au

Contained Cu

('000s t)

Contained Fe 

('000s oz)

('000s t)

Oxide Gold Cap

0.02

1.7

0.2

27.6

1.2

0.1

6

Oxide Copper/Gold

0.01

1.9

2.3

20.8

0.8

0.3

2.6

Supergene Chalcocite

0.01

3.6

26

28.2

1.5

3.4

3.6

Sub Total

0.05

2.3

7.8

26

3.5

3.7

12.3

Note: The Mineral Resource was estimated within constraining wireframe solids based on the mineralised geological units. The resource is quoted from all classified blocks above a lower cut-off grade 0.3 g/t Au within these wireframe solids. Differences may occur due to rounding

Criteria

JORC Code explanation

Commentary

Sampling techniques

• Nature and quality of sampling (e.g. cut channels, random chips, or specific specialised industry standard measurement tools appropriate to the minerals under investigation, such as down hole gamma sondes, or handheld XRF instruments, etc). These examples should not be taken as limiting the broad meaning of sampling.

• The assay data reported herein is based on sampling of diamond drill core of PQ, HQ and NQ diameter which was cut with a diamond core saw. Samples are generally of 1 m length, although occasionally slightly longer or shorter where changes in lithology, core size or core recovery required adjustments; samples are not more than 2 m length. 

• Include reference to measures taken to ensure sample representivity and the appropriate calibration of any measurement tools or systems used.

•  The length of each drill run is recorded and the recovery for each run calculated on site and checked again at the core shed. Certified reference standards and blank samples were submitted to assess the accuracy and precision of the results and every 20th sample was sawn into two and the two quarter core samples submitted for analysis separately as a duplicate sample.

• Aspects of the determination of mineralisation that are Material to the Public Report.

• Half core samples were cut and sent for analysis by an independent ISO-certified laboratory (Intertek McPhar Laboratory) in Manila. Samples were crushed and pulverised (95% <75 ?m). Gold was analysed by 50 g Fire Assay and the other elements including copper and iron by ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) or ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry) following a four-acid digest.

Drilling techniques

• Drill type (e.g. core, reverse circulation, open-hole hammer, rotary air blast, auger, Bangka, sonic, etc) and details (eg core diameter, triple or standard tube, depth of diamond tails, face-sampling bit or other type, whether core is oriented and if so, by what method, etc).

• Drilling was by PQ, HQ and NQ diameter, triple tube diamond coring. The core was not orientated.

Drill sample recovery

• Method of recording and assessing core and chip sample recoveries and results assessed.

• Core recovery is initially measured on site by trained technicians and by the supervising geologist. Any core loss is measured, the percentage is calculated and both are recorded in the geotechnical log for reference when assessing assay results. 

• Measures taken to maximise sample recovery and ensure representative nature of the samples.

• All care is taken to ensure maximum recovery of diamond core and drillers are informed of the importance of core recovery. Any areas of poor core recovery are sampled separately thus assay results can be directly related to core recovery. The majority of the mineralisation is in fresh rock where recoveries are greater than 90%. Most mineralisation occurs in wide intersections of massive magnetite skarn with relatively uniform copper and gold grades. Core loss occurs in fracture zones but is usually not a significant problem i.e. the core lost in fracture zones is unlikely to have been significantly higher or lower grade than the surrounding material. In the weathered hematitic oxidised zones some core loss is unavoidable, but overall recovery is generally >90% and the core loss is volumetrically minor in the mineralised zones. In areas of poor recovery, the sample intervals are arranged to coincide with drill runs, thus areas of different core loss percentage are specific to individual samples which can be assessed when interpreting analytical results and modelled in future resource estimation studies. Where an area of 100% core loss is identified the sample intervals are marked to each side of the zone and the zone is designated "No core" and assigned zero value in the various log sheets and geochemical database. 

• Whether a relationship exists between sample recovery and grade and whether sample bias may have occurred due to preferential loss/gain of fine/coarse material.

• There is no discernible relationship between core recovery and grade. The skarn bodies are relatively uniform over significant lengths and the copper and gold grades are not related to clay and fracture zones which are the main causes of core loss. 

Logging

• Whether core and chip samples have been geologically and geotechnically logged to a level of detail to support appropriate Mineral Resource estimation, mining studies and metallurgical studies.

• Diamond drill core for each entire drill hole was logged in significant detail in a number of logging sheets including a geological log, a structural log, a geotechnical log and a magnetic susceptibility log for the entire drill hole. Mineralised and sampled intervals are logged individually in a separate quantitative mineral log with percentages of the different copper minerals being recorded. The logging is appropriate for Mineral Resource estimates and mining studies.

• Whether logging is qualitative or quantitative in nature. Core (or costean, channel, etc.) photography.

• Most of the geological logging is a mixture of qualitative (descriptions of the various geological features) and quantitative (numbers and angles of veins and fracture zones, mineral percentages etc.). Both the mineralisation log and the magnetic susceptibility log are quantitative. Photographs are taken of all core (both wet and dry) prior to the core being cut. 

• The total length and percentage of the relevant intersections logged.

• All core, including barren overburden is logged in the various logging sheets noted above apart from the quantitative mineralisation log in which only the mineralised intervals sent for geochemical analysis are logged in greater detail.

Sub-sampling techniques and sample preparation

• If core, whether cut or sawn and whether quarter, half or all core taken.

• All sampling data is from diamond drill core. Samples are of sawn half core except for duplicate samples which are quarter core. Half core is bagged and sent to an ISO-certified independent laboratory for analysis. The other half retained for reference and/or further testwork. 

• If non-core, whether riffled, tube sampled, rotary split, etc and whether sampled wet or dry.

• Not applicable for diamond core drilling.

• For all sample types, the nature, quality and appropriateness of the sample preparation technique.

• All core samples were dried, crushed to 95% <10 mm and a 1.5 kg sub-sample is separated using a riffle splitter and pulverised to 95% <75 ?m.  A 50 g sub-sample is utilised as a Fire Assay charge for gold analysis.  The sample preparation technique and sub-sampling is appropriate for the mineralisation.

• Quality control procedures adopted for all sub-sampling stages to maximise representivity of samples.

• Blank samples and duplicate samples are submitted routinely to monitor the sampling and analytical process and to ensure that samples are representative of in situ material. One in every 20 samples of half core is sawn again to produce two quarter core duplicate samples which are submitted to the laboratory separately with different sample numbers. A blank sample was inserted into sample batches at every 20^thsample.

• Measures taken to ensure that the sampling is representative of the in situ material collected, including for instance results for field duplicate/second-half sampling.

• The magnetite skarn mineralisation occurs in extensive zones of magnetite skarn with disseminated chalcopyrite, containing gold. The sample size of approximately 1 m core length is suitable in respect to the grain size of the mineralisation.

• Whether sample sizes are appropriate to the grain size of the material being sampled.

• The sample size is considered appropriate for the material sampled. It is believed that grain size has no bearing on the grade of the sampled material.

Quality of assay data and laboratory tests

• The nature, quality and appropriateness of the assaying and laboratory procedures used and whether the technique is considered partial or total.

• All core samples were analysed at an ISO-certified independent laboratory. Gold was analysed by 50 g Fire Assay and the other elements including copper and iron were analysed by ICP-MS or ICP-OES following a four acid digest. The sample preparation and assay techniques are of international industry standard and can be considered total. 

• For geophysical tools, spectrometers, handheld XRF instruments, etc, the parameters used in determining the analysis including instrument make and model, reading times, calibrations factors applied and their derivation, etc.

• No geophysical tools were used for any analysis reported herein. Magnetic susceptibility readings are used in magnetic modelling but are not used to estimate magnetite or Fe content.

• Nature of quality control procedures adopted (e.g. standards, blanks, duplicates, external laboratory checks) and whether acceptable levels of accuracy (ie lack of bias) and precision have been established.

• Quality control completed by RTG included analysis of standards, blanks, and duplicates. Commercial Certified Reference Materials were inserted into sample batches every 40^thsample. A blank sample was inserted every 20^thsample; the blank sample material has been sourced and prepared from a local quarry. One in every 20 core samples is cut into 2 quarter core samples which were submitted independently with their own sample numbers. In addition, Intertek conducted their own extensive check sampling as part of their own internal QA/QC processes which is reported in the assay sheets. A record of results from all duplicates, blanks and standards is maintained for ongoing QA/QC assessment. Examination of all the QC sample data indicates satisfactory performance of field sampling protocols and the assay laboratory.

Verification of sampling and assaying

• The verification of significant intersections by either independent or alternative company personnel.

• Significant mineralisation intersections were verified by alternative company personnel. 

• The use of twinned holes.

• No twinned holes have been drilled.

• Documentation of primary data, data entry procedures, data verification, data storage (physical and electronic) protocols.

• Data documentation, verification and storage is conducted in accordance with RTG's Standard Operating Procedures Manual for the Mabilo Project. The diamond drill core is manually logged in significant detail in a number of separate Excel template logging sheets. Logging is recorded manually on logging sheets and transcribed into protected Excel spreadsheet templates or entered directly into the Excel templates. The data are validated by both the Project Geologist and the company Database Manager and uploaded to the dedicated project database where they are merged with assay results reported digitally by the laboratory. Hard copies of all logging sheets are kept at the Project office in Daet.

• Discuss any adjustment to assay data.

• No adjustments have been made to assay data.

Location of data points

• Accuracy and quality of surveys used to locate drill holes (collar and down-hole surveys), trenches, mine workings and other locations used in Mineral Resource estimation.

• Drill-hole collars are initially surveyed with a hand-held GPS with an accuracy of approximately +/- 5 m. Completed holes are surveyed by an independent qualified surveyor on a periodic basis using standard differential GPS (DGPS) equipment achieving sub-decimetre accuracy in horizontal and vertical position.

• Specification of the grid system used.

• Drill collars are surveyed in UTM WGS84 Zone 51N grid.

• Quality and adequacy of topographic control.

• The Mabilo project area is relatively flat with total variation in topography less than 15 m. Topographic control is provided by DGPS surveying.

Data spacing and distribution

• Data spacing for reporting of Exploration Results.

• Drill holes are planned on a nominal grid with 20 m between drill holes on 40 m spaced lines.

• Whether the data spacing and distribution is sufficient to establish the degree of geological and grade continuity appropriate for the Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve estimation procedure(s) and classifications applied.

• The drill hole spacing was designed to determine the continuity and extent of the mineralised skarn zones. Based on statistical assessment of drill results to date, the nominal 40 x 20 m drill hole spacing is sufficient to support Mineral Resource estimation.

• Whether sample compositing has been applied.

• No compositing of intervals in the field was undertaken.

Orientation of data in relation to geological structure

• Whether the orientation of sampling achieves unbiased sampling of possible structures and the extent to which this is known, considering the deposit type.

• No bias attributable to orientation of sampling upgrading of results has been identified. 

• If the relationship between the drilling orientation and the orientation of key mineralised structures is considered to have introduced a sampling bias, this should be assessed and reported if material.

• No bias attributable to orientation of sampling upgrading of results has been identified.

Sample security

• The measures taken to ensure sample security.

• Chain of custody is managed by RTG employees. Samples were stored in secure storage from the time of drilling, through gathering and splitting. Remaining core is kept in a secure compound at the Company regional office in Daet town and guarded at night. Samples are sent directly from the core shed to the laboratory packed in secured and sealed plastic drums using either Company vehicles or a local transport company. A standard Chain of Custody form is signed by the driver responsible for transporting the samples upon receipt of samples at the core yard and is signed by an employee of the laboratory on receipt of the samples at the laboratory. Completed forms are returned to the Company for filing.

Audits or reviews

• The results of any audits or reviews of sampling techniques and data.

• The sampling techniques and QA/QC data are reviewed on an ongoing basis by Company management and independent consultants. 

Criteria

JORC Code explanation

Commentary

Mineral tenement and land tenure status

• Type, reference name/number, location and ownership including agreements or material issues with third parties such as joint ventures, partnerships, overriding royalties, native title interests, historical sites, wilderness or national park and environmental settings.

• The Mabilo Project is covered by Exploration Permit EP-014-2013-V and Exploration Permit Application EXPA-000188-V and EXPA 0000 209-V. EP-014-2013-V was issued to Mt Labo Exploration and Development Corporation ("Mt Labo"), an associated entity of RTG Mining Inc. There is a 1% royalty payable on net mining revenue received by Mt Labo in relation to EP-014-2013-V.
  
  Mt Labo has entered into a joint venture agreement with Galeo Equipment and Mining Company, Inc. ("Galeo") to partner in exploring and developing the Mabilo and Nalesbitan Projects. To date, Galeo has earned a 36% interest in the Projects.
  
  Sierra Mining Ltd. ("Sierra"), a wholly owned subsidiary of RTG, has entered into a MOU with Galeo whereby Galeo can earn an additional 6% interest in the joint venture by mining the initial 1.5 Mt of waste at Mabilo or Nalesbitan and other requirements. The MOU is subject to a number of conditions precedent, including Sierra shareholder approval.

• The security of the tenure held at the time of reporting along with any known impediments to obtaining a license to operate in the area.

• The tenure over the area currently being explored at Mabilo is a granted Exploration Permit which is currently being renewed. All documents are in good standing and the renewal process is ongoing. There is no native title or Indigenous ancestral domains claims at Mabilo.

Exploration done by other parties

• Acknowledgment and appraisal of exploration by other parties.

• The only significant previous exploration over the Mabilo project area was a drilling program at another site within the tenement and a ground magnetic survey. RTG (or its predecessor Sierra) has reported this data in previous reports to the ASX and used the ground magnetic survey as a basis for initial drill siting. Subsequently RTG conducted its own ground magnetic survey with closer spaced survey lines and reading intervals which supersedes the historical program. There was no known previous exploration in the area of the reported Mineral Resource.

Geology

• Deposit type, geological setting and style of mineralisation.

• Mineralisation at Mabilo can be defined as a magnetite-copper-gold skarn which developed where the magnetite-copper-gold mineralisation replaced calcareous horizons in the Eocene age Tumbaga Formation in the contact zone of a Miocene diorite intrusion.

Drill hole Information

• A summary of all information material to the understanding of the exploration results including a tabulation of the following information for all Material drill holes:
  • easting and northing of the drill hole collar
  • elevation or RL (Reduced Level – elevation above sea level in metres) of the drill hole collar
  • dip and azimuth of the hole
  • down hole length and interception depth
  • hole length.

• All relevant drill hole information has been previously reported to the ASX.  No material changes have occurred to this information since it was originally reported.

• If the exclusion of this information is justified on the basis that the information is not Material and this exclusion does not detract from the understanding of the report, the Competent Person should clearly explain why this is the case.

• All relevant data has been reported.

Data aggregation methods

• In reporting Exploration Results, weighting averaging techniques, maximum and/or minimum grade truncations (e.g. cutting of high grades) and cut-off grades are usually Material and should be stated.

• Not reporting exploration results.

• Where aggregate intercepts incorporate short lengths of high grade results and longer lengths of low grade results, the procedure used for such aggregation should be stated and some typical examples of such aggregations should be shown in detail.

• Not reporting exploration results.

• The assumptions used for any reporting of metal equivalent values should be clearly stated.

• Based on preliminary metallurgical testwork undertaken by previous owners, including flotation and magnetic separation, the following assumptions for gold equivalents are:
  Gold Price US$1200/oz     Gold recovery – 75.2%
  Copper Price US$5,200t    Copper recovery – 92.8%
  Silver Price US$16/oz    Silver recovery – 60%
  Iron Price US$65/t               Iron recovery – 88.4%
  The calculation for copper equivalent values was based on the following formula:
  Cu Equivalent = ((75.2%*Au Oz)*$1,200)+((92.8%*Cu Tonnes)*$5,200)+((88.4%*Fe Tonnes)*$65)+((60%*Ag Oz)*$16))/$5,200

Relationship between mineralisation widths and intercept lengths

• These relationships are particularly important in the reporting of Exploration Results.

• The Mabilo drill have been drilled both vertically and inclined. The orientation of the mineralised bodies is based on interpretation of geology from drill holes supported by magnetic modelling which indicates that much of the mineralisation is dipping to the southwest.

• If the geometry of the mineralisation with respect to the drill hole angle is known, its nature should be reported.

• The interpreted orientation of the mineralised bodies is based on magnetic modelling and drill-hole data and is documented in the report. The fact that the intersections are in a dipping body and therefore not true widths has been reported.

• If it is not known and only the down hole lengths are reported, there should be a clear statement to this effect (eg 'down hole length, true width not known').

• No intervals reported can be assumed to be a true width of the mineralisation.

Diagrams

• Appropriate maps and sections (with scales) and tabulations of intercepts should be included for any significant discovery being reported These should include, but not be limited to a plan view of drill hole collar locations and appropriate sectional views.

• Refer to figures within the main body of this report.

Balanced reporting

• Where comprehensive reporting of all Exploration Results is not practicable, representative reporting of both low and high grades and/or widths should be practiced to avoid misleading reporting of Exploration Results.

• Not applicable.

Other substantive exploration data

• Other exploration data, if meaningful and material, should be reported including (but not limited to): geological observations; geophysical survey results; geochemical survey results; bulk samples – size and method of treatment; metallurgical test results; bulk density, groundwater, geotechnical and rock characteristics; potential deleterious or contaminating substances.

• All meaningful exploration data concerning the Mabilo Project has been reported in previous reports to the ASX.

Further work

• The nature and scale of planned further work (e.g. tests for lateral extensions or depth extensions or large-scale step-out drilling).

• Drilling is ongoing at the Mabilo Project which will systematically test magnetic bodies and step-out targets along strike and between the North Mineralised Zone and the South Mineralised Zone as well as down-dip from these zones.

• Diagrams clearly highlighting the areas of possible extensions, including the main geological interpretations and future drilling areas, provided this information is not commercially sensitive.

• Refer to figures within the main body of this report.

Criteria

JORC Code explanation

Commentary

Database integrity

• Measures taken to ensure that data has not been corrupted by, for example, transcription or keying errors, between its initial collection and its use for Mineral Resource estimation purposes.

• Data used in the Mineral Resource estimate is sourced from a data base export. Relevant tables from the data base are exported to MS Excel format and converted to csv format for import into Datamine Studio 3 software.

• Data validation procedures used.

• Validation of the data import include checks for overlapping intervals, missing survey data, missing assay data, missing lithological data, and missing collars.

Site visits

• Comment on any site visits undertaken by the Competent Person and the outcome of those visits.

• A representative of the Competent Person ("CP") has visited the project on several occasions, most recently in October 2015. Diamond drilling programs were underway at Mabilo during a previous site visit. The CP's representative was able to review drilling and sampling procedures, as well as examine the mineralisation occurrence and associated geological features. Sample storage facilities and the analytical laboratory in Manilla have also been inspected. There were no negative outcomes from any of the above inspections, and all samples and geological data were deemed fit for use in the Mineral Resource estimate.

• If no site visits have been undertaken indicate why this is the case.

• Not applicable.

Geological interpretation

• Confidence in (or conversely, the uncertainty of) the geological interpretation of the mineral deposit.

• The geology and mineral distribution of the system is reasonably complex, and is being constantly refined as more drilling is undertaken.  As such the CP has taken a conservative approach to Mineral Resource classification.

•  Nature of the data used and of any assumptions made.

• Drill hole intercept logging, assay results and structural interpretations from drill core, and the results of geophysical modelling of magnetic anomalies have formed the basis for the geological interpretation. For the South Mineralised Zone ("SMZ") strike and depth extents have been reasonably well constrained through drilling, except for the south eastern end where the deposit is still open along strike and at depth and assumptions have been made on the depth and strike extent of the mineralisation. In the North Mineralised Zone ("NMZ") the strike and depth extents of the mineralisation are not fully constrained by drilling and assumptions have been made on the depth and strike extents of the mineralisation based on the available information including the geophysical modelling and bounding structure interpretations. Some drill collars had not yet been surveyed by DGPS at the time of modelling. The collars had been surveyed by hand held GPS with an estimated horizontal accuracy (based on historical comparisons) of roughly 3m. The elevation of the collar has been corrected to the topographic surface. Mineralisation intercepts from these drill holes were found to correspond well with previously interpreted mineralisation zone extents. Any differences from the true position is not expected to have any material impact on the volumes and grades of the interpreted mineralisation zones.

• The effect, if any, of alternative interpretations on Mineral Resource estimation.

• The use of geology in guiding and controlling Mineral Resource estimation.

• Geology has been the primary influence in controlling the Mineral Resource estimation.  Wireframes have been constructed for the various lithological zones based on style of mineralisation, host rock and oxidation state as determined by the core logging and assaying.

• The factors affecting continuity both of grade and geology.

• Continuity of geology and structures can be identified and traced between drillholes by visual, geophysical and geochemical characteristics. Breccia zones interpreted to relate to fault structures have been noted in the drill core and have been modelled. 

Dimensions

• The extent and variability of the Mineral Resource expressed as length (along strike or otherwise), plan width, and depth below surface to the upper and lower limits of the Mineral Resource.

• The SMZ is interpreted as having a 500 m strike length, is 20 to 50 m in true width, with vertical depth extent up to 280 m from roughly 50 m below surface. The NMZ has a strike extent of roughly 160 m, true width between 20 m and 50 m and depth extent of 135 m from roughly 40 m below surface.

Estimation and modelling techniques

• The nature and appropriateness of the estimation technique(s) applied and key assumptions, including treatment of extreme grade values, domaining, interpolation parameters and maximum distance of extrapolation from data points. If a computer assisted estimation method was chosen include a description of computer software and parameters used.

• The mineralisation has been estimated using ordinary kriging ("OK") as the primary estimation method with an inverse distance to the power 2 ("IDS") check estimate in Datamine Studio 3 software. 41 mineralised lodes have been interpreted and are grouped into 14 mineralised lithological domain zones of Cu-Au-Fe mineralisation, based on lens lithology type and grade. There are 9 of these zones in the SMZ and 6 zones in the NMZ. 

• The availability of check estimates, previous estimates and/or mine production records and whether the Mineral Resource estimate takes appropriate account of such data.

• The mineralised lithological domain zones and the individual mineralised lodes within them were used as hard boundaries to select sample populations for data analysis and grade estimation. For the SMZ hard boundaries between each interpreted mineralisation lode have been used in the grade estimation while in the NMZ soft boundaries between the grouped lodes within the mineralised lithological domain zones and hard boundaries between mineralised lithological domain zones have been used in the grade estimation. Statistical analysis was completed on each zone to determine appropriate top-cuts to apply to outlier grades of Fe, Au, Cu and Ag where required.

• The assumptions made regarding recovery of by-products.

• OK and IDS estimates are completed concurrently in a number of estimation runs with varying parameters. The results are compared against each other and the drill hole results to ensure a reasonable estimate, that best honours the drill sample data is reported. Comparison with the previously reported estimate shows a roughly 12% increase in tonnage and with a slight decrease in the mean reported grades increases of between 3% and 10% of contained metal as detailed in the relevant section of the Mineral Resource estimate report. 

• Estimation of deleterious elements or other non-grade variables of economic significance (eg sulphur for acid mine drainage characterisation).

• No mining has yet taken place at these deposits.

• In the case of block model interpolation, the block size in relation to the average sample spacing and the search employed.

• Ag has been estimated and is assumed to be also recoverable as part of the Au recovery processes. Fe grade estimated in the MRE is total Fe. Although dominated by magnetite Fe in the magnetite skarn, it does include other Fe-bearing minerals including pyrite which will not be economically recoverable. 

• Any assumptions behind modelling of selective mining units.

• Potentially deleterious As and S have been estimated into the model to assist with future metallurgical work and mining studies, but are not reported at this stage.

• Any assumptions about correlation between variables.

• Interpreted domains are built into a sub-celled block model with 10m E-W by 10m N-S by 5m vertical parent block size. Parent block size is chosen based on being roughly half the average drill spacing over the majority of the deposit areas. Search ellipsoids for each estimation zone have been orientated based on their geometry and grade continuity. Sample numbers per block estimate and ellipsoid axial search ranges have been tailored to geometry and data density of each zone to ensure the majority of the model is estimated within the first search pass. The search ellipse is doubled for a second search pass and increased 20 fold for a third search pass to ensure all blocks were estimated. Sample numbers required per block estimate have been reduced with each search pass. 

• Description of how the geological interpretation was used to control the resource estimates.

• No assumptions have been made. Model minimum sub-cell size is down to 2.5m N-S by 2.5m E-W by 2.5m vertical.

• Discussion of basis for using or not using grade cutting or capping.

• No assumptions have been made with each element separately estimated. Statistical analysis shows a generally good correlation between Au and Cu grades in unweathered zones and poor correlation in weathered zones.

• The process of validation, the checking process used, the comparison of model data to drill hole data, and use of reconciliation data if available.

• Hard boundaries between each individual lode have been used in the grade estimate for the SMZ. Soft boundaries between the grouped lodes within the mineralised lithological domain zones and hard boundaries between mineralised lithological domain zones have been used in the grade estimation for the NMZ.

• Statistical analysis to check grade population distributions using histograms, probability plots and summary statistics and the co-efficient of variation, was completed on each zone for the estimated elements. Outlier grades were variously found for most elements in the different mineralised lithological domain zones and appropriate high grade cuts where applied to remove undue influence of these outlier grades on the grade estimation for each zone.

• Validation checks included statistical comparison between drill sample grades, the OK and IDS estimate results for each zone. Visual validation of grade trends for each element along the drill sections was completed and trend plots comparing drill sample grades and model grades for northings, eastings and elevation were completed. These checks show reasonable correlation between estimated block grades and drill sample grades. No reconciliation data is available as no mining has taken place.

Moisture

• Whether the tonnages are estimated on a dry basis or with natural moisture, and the method of determination of the moisture content.

• Tonnages have been estimated on a dry in situ basis. No moisture values were reviewed.

Cut-off parameters

• The basis of the adopted cut-off grade(s) or quality parameters applied.

• For some lithological units nominal lower cut-off grades of 0.3 g/t Au or 0.3 % Cu in concert with the lithological logging were used to define continuous mineralised lenses, in line with recommendations from RTG based on preliminary optimisation studies.

Mining factors or assumptions

• Assumptions made regarding possible mining methods, minimum mining dimensions and internal (or, if applicable, external) mining dilution. It is always necessary as part of the process of determining reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction to consider potential mining methods, but the assumptions made regarding mining methods and parameters when estimating Mineral Resources may not always be rigorous. Where this is the case, this should be reported with an explanation of the basis of the mining assumptions made.

• It has been assumed that these deposits will be amenable to open cut mining methods, and are economic to exploit with this methodology at the reported average model grades. No assumptions regarding minimum mining widths and dilution have been made to date.

Metallurgical factors or assumptions

• The basis for assumptions or predictions regarding metallurgical amenability. It is always necessary as part of the process of determining reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction to consider potential metallurgical methods, but the assumptions regarding metallurgical treatment processes and parameters made when reporting Mineral Resources may not always be rigorous. Where this is the case, this should be reported with an explanation of the basis of the metallurgical assumptions made.

• The oxide portions of similar deposits in the region are being successfully exploited by other entities, and it is assumed that these zones can be economically exploited at the modelled grades. For the unweathered or fresh materials ongoing metallurgical testing has shown a less consistent response of the samples tested than was expected. The initial findings indicate there appears to be a relationship with S:Cu ratios involved in metallurgical response. Composite samples appear to respond better to flotation than the individual components that make up the composites. Further optimisation testing is ongoing to improve recoveries. Based on the results reported to date it is assumed that a significant majority of the modelled unweathered mineralisation can be economically exploited and will be readily upgraded where necessary, using standard gravity, magnetic processes and/or froth flotation concentration techniques as appropriate for the different product streams.

Environmental factors or assumptions

• Assumptions made regarding possible waste and process residue disposal options. It is always necessary as part of the process of determining reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction to consider the potential environmental impacts of the mining and processing operation. While at this stage the determination of potential environmental impacts, particularly for a greenfields project, may not always be well advanced, the status of early consideration of these potential environmental impacts should be reported. Where these aspects have not been considered this should be reported with an explanation of the environmental assumptions made.

• No assumptions regarding possible waste and process residue disposal options have been made. It is assumed that such disposal will not present a significant hurdle to exploitation of the deposit and that any disposal and potential environmental impacts would be correctly managed as required under the regulatory permitting conditions.

Bulk density

• Whether assumed or determined. If assumed, the basis for the assumptions. If determined, the method used, whether wet or dry, the frequency of the measurements, the nature, size and representativeness of the samples.
  
• The bulk density for bulk material must have been measured by methods that adequately account for void spaces (vugs, porosity, etc), moisture and differences between rock and alteration zones within the deposit.

• In-situ dry bulk density values have been applied to the modelled mineralisation based on linear regression formulas for weathered and unweathered material separately. This is based on reasonable correlations having been found between measured bulk density results and Fe. Of the 1,009 measurements taken, 628 have assay result data, with 216 samples falling within the interpreted mineralised zones. 29 samples fall within the oxide mineralisation and density measurement shows a 73% correlation with Fe grade. 188 measured density samples fall within the fresh mineralisation with an 80% correlation between measured density and Fe grade.

• Discuss assumptions for bulk density estimates used in the evaluation process of the different materials.

• Density measurements have been taken on drill samples using wax coated water displacement methods, from all different lithological types. CSA Global has noted the amount of wax used in the coating process was excessive for some samples. Analysis showed this issue generally only affects the oxide waste and overburden zones. This means that waste density assigned to the model could be over stated for the overburden and oxide zones. There is a possibility that void spaces have been partially filled by wax in the mineralisation zones affected by porosity, resulting in a slightly higher density being calculated and assigned to some zones. Any possible effects of this are expected to be within the margins of error reflected by the classification.

• With the reasonable correlation between Fe grade and bulk density, it is assumed that use of the regression formulas describing this relationship is an appropriate method of representing the expected variability in bulk density for the grade estimated mineralised blocks. Analysis of the results of application of the regression formulas to the model by individual mineralised lithological domain unit shows that the mean model density compares closely to the mean of the density measurements from within each zone.

Classification

• The basis for the classification of the Mineral Resources into varying confidence categories.

• Classification of the Mineral Resource estimates was carried out taking into account the level of geological understanding of the deposit, quality of samples, density data and drill hole spacing.

• Whether appropriate account has been taken of all relevant factors (ie relative confidence in tonnage/grade estimations, reliability of input data, confidence in continuity of geology and metal values, quality, quantity and distribution of the data).

• The classification reflects areas of lower and higher geological confidence in mineralised lithological domain continuity based the intersecting drill sample data numbers, spacing and orientation. Overall mineralisation trends are reasonably consistent within the various lithotypes over numerous drill sections.

• Whether the result appropriately reflects the Competent Person's view of the deposit.

• The Mineral Resource estimate appropriately reflects the view of the Competent Person.

Audits or reviews

• The results of any audits or reviews of Mineral Resource estimates.

• Internal audits were completed by CSA Global which verified the technical inputs, methodology, parameters and results of the estimate. 
  No external audits have been undertaken.

Discussion of relative accuracy/ confidence

• Where appropriate a statement of the relative accuracy and confidence level in the Mineral Resource estimate using an approach or procedure deemed appropriate by the Competent Person. For example, the application of statistical or geostatistical procedures to quantify the relative accuracy of the resource within stated confidence limits, or, if such an approach is not deemed appropriate, a qualitative discussion of the factors that could affect the relative accuracy and confidence of the estimate.

• The relative accuracy of the Mineral Resource estimate is reflected in the reporting of the Mineral Resource as per the guidelines of the 2012 JORC Code.

• The statement should specify whether it relates to global or local estimates, and, if local, state the relevant tonnages, which should be relevant to technical and economic evaluation. Documentation should include assumptions made and the procedures used.

• The Mineral Resource statement relates to global estimates of in-situ tonnes and grade.

• These statements of relative accuracy and confidence of the estimate should be compared with production data, where available.

• The deposit has not, and is not currently being mined.